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Plan for the Preservation of Norwegian Sound Recordings

Stavanger, Norway 1997

English translation of most of the Norwegian original.

Table of Contents

   Preface

1 Background
        1.1 The establishment of the working group
        1.2 How the work was done
        
2 Summary

3 Definitions

4 Sound
        4.1 Sound and the experience of sound
        4.2 Sound described from the side of the sender 
        4.3 Sound described from the receiving end
        4.4 The Norwegian Sound

Part I History
5 Norwegian sound recordings
        5.1 The first Norwegian sound recordings
            5.1.1 The first Norwegian phonographic roll recordings
            5.1.2 Phonographic roll recordings in Norway around 1900
            5.1.3 The first gramophone recordings

        5.2 The first distribution of Norwegian sound recordings
            5.2.1 The first dissemination
            5.2.2 Early musical genres and artists in the gramophone market
            5.2.3 People and settings in the forefront of the work of
                       creating interest in Norwegian sound recordings

        5.3 The recording industry strengthens its position
            5.3.1 Boom and bust for the recording industry
            5.3.2 Recording companies in the Norwegian market place
            5.3.3 The 1927 - 1950 repertoire
            5.3.4 Norwegian artists 1927 - 1950
            5.3.5 The recording industry as a cultural force
            
        5.4 Radio sound

6 & 7   Sound carriers and reproduction equipment
        6.1 The dream that became reality
        7.5 A chronology of the main events of the technical evolution
        
8 Document information
        8.1 Gramophone records and cylinders
        8.2 Magnetic tapes
        8.3 Surrounding material
        
Part II Status
9 Sound collections
        9.1 Levels of responsibility         
        9.2 Collections
            
10 Legislation
        10.1 The Act relating to The Legal Deposit of Generally Available Documents
        10.2 The Cultural Heritage Act
        10.3 The Copyright Act
        
Part III Preserving Norwegian sound recordings
11 Introduction
        11.1 Main objectives
        11.2 Secondary objectives
        11.3 Access and preservation - two sides of the same coin?
        
12 Conditions for effective preservation
        12.1 The distribution of responsibility
        12.2 Establishing a national network of competence
            
13 Criteria for the preservation of sound recordings
        13.1 General
        13.2 Preservation of recordings         
        13.3 The basis for judging and classifying sound collections
            
14 Collecting
        14.1 The Act relating to The Legal Deposit of Generally Available Documents
        14.2 Norvegica and purchased material
        14.3 Collecting endangered material
        
15 Preservation
        15.1 Ways of preserving sound recordings
        15.2 Durability and storage of sound carriers
            15.2.1 General problems
            15.2.2 Mechanical sound carriers
            15.2.3 Magnetic sound carriers
            15.2.4 Optical sound carriers
        15.3 Conversion of recordings
        15.4 Preservation and conservation in a cultural perspective
        
16 Access
        16.1 Locating collections
        16.2 Developing standards and a network
        16.3 The use of information technology
            16.3.1 Computerised descriptions and retrieval of sound and carriers
            16.3.2 Computerised storage and distribution of sound
            
17 Distribution
        17.1 The administrative responsibility
        17.2 Distribution systems
        17.3 Users
        
18 Recommended actions
        18.1 First priorities
        18.2 Other actions
        
  Appendices
        Literature list
        Appendix 1 List of archives surveyed
        Appendix 2 Statistics from the survey, sorted by format.